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September 11, 2001

Two Quasi-Experiments on the Influence of Threats on Cultural Values and Cosmopolitanism

ITESM, Mexico, University of Melbourne, Australia and College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA, mrolivas{at}itesm.mx

Anne-Wil Harzing

ITESM, Mexico, University of Melbourne, Australia and College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA, harzing{at}unimelb.edu.au

Scott McCoy

ITESM, Mexico, University of Melbourne, Australia and College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA, scott.mccoy{at}business.wm.edu

This article investigates whether the September 11 attack had an impact on cultural values and the level of cosmopolitanism of US university students. Extending a model proposed by Esses, Dovidio and Hodson, we hypothesize a positive effect on the cultural dimensions of collectivism and hierarchy/power distance and a negative effect on cosmopolitanism. Our results - drawn from two separate quasi-experimental studies - support the two latter hypotheses. In addition, supplementary analyses showed that, after the September 11 attack, students exhibited a tendency to trade-in variety, adventure and challenge for security and stability in their ideal job after graduation. Implications for management and for cross cultural management research are discussed.

Key Words: cosmopolitanism • culture change • power distance • quasi-experiments • terrorism

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